Just before 31^st December 2019, nobody could believe to be recalling and repeating the historical wordsof Marcus Terentius Varro(116 BC-27BC) as far back as 100BC for Sepsis who historically quoted “small creatures, invisible to the eye, fill the atmosphere, and breathed through the nose causing dangerous diseases.” And these words echoed through the era of the “Black Death” and re-emerged again after man has conquered the space and planted his foot on the moon. Combating with our shared invisible enemy has now challenged us to our limits.We are in it together as “one world”. We are now facing the reality of the limitations imposed by our resources , instead of directing our resources in terms of manpower and finances, our resources are driving us to divert and manage wisely and save as much lives as we can while no patient of ours suffers.  The health sector has been hugely overlooked in several parts of the world as nobody was ready to foresee an unforeseen and there were poor preparations for a health emergency [1].

Back in time, let’s recall, In 1900, infectious disease was a leading cause of death; in 2000, infectious diseases were responsible for only a small percentage of deaths in developed nations [2]Following the discovery of the first antibiotics, the field of antibiotic research went through a boom from 1930 to 1970 with the discovery of many of the clinically used antibiotics. This golden era was followed by a 30-year slump with a sharp drop in the number of new natural product antibiotics discovered [3]. In medicine ,specialties who deal with serious and potentially lethal and crippling pathologiesin which Neurosurgery is on top, the ongoing COVID-19 crisis has put forward a special challenge to deal with our patients. We share several resources such as ICU equipment and staff, monitors and special nursing care with the emergency department and ICUs who are now overwhelmed with the victims of COVID-19. It is a challenging time for us to smartly allocate slots for only those patients whom cannot be deferred at any cost. And this is just one aspect, the other aspects include receiving neuro emergencies of patients who are COVID-19 positive, predicting your asymptomatic patients about their COVID-19 status and reducing transmission of COVID-19 .Every country and continent has introduced their guidelines which are wisely tailored according to the incidence of COVID-19 cases in their countries and the workload on their departments.

A) Unavoidable Scheduled Surgery

An evaluation prior to surgery must be performed by the Anesthesiology service, evaluating:

- Pathological chest radiography:Yes / No. In case of YES, perform chest CT.

- Presentation atany respiratory clinic(outdoor) during the previous 14 days:

- Fever of non-affiliated origin: Yes / No

Before the affirmative answer to any of the previous questions, aCOVID investigation and will wait for the result.If the result is positive, the institutional action protocol must be followed inOperating rooms / resuscitation for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

B)Emergency Surgery

An evaluation prior to surgery must be carried out by the responsible anesthesiologist evaluating:

- Pathological chest radiography: Yes / No. In case of YES, perform chest CT.

- Presence of respiratory clinic during the previous 14 days: Yes / No

- Fever of non-affiliated origin: Yes / No

Before the affirmative answer to any of the previous questions, aCOVID research. If the result is positive, the institutional action protocol must be followed inOperating rooms / resuscitation for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.In the event that the result is not available before surgery, it will act as if it were positive until you have the result. In order to minimize exposure it is recommended to limit the number of professionals to as few as possible during surgery we recommend having the maximal level of expertise of the professionals involvedin the management of this type of patients [4].

As we all know, all around the world, there still is a lack of availability of tests especially rapid testing. This would impose a special dilemma if patient is in a need of emergent surgery such as neurotrauma, intracranial hematomas, coning, intracranial hypertension and others. In that case one needs to rely on “epidemiological” link, of course patient will be thoroughly inquired regarding any symptom that can be as subtle as anosmia and history should be taken while practicing necessary precautions. Temperature should be recorded . In case there is no epidemiological risk ,carry out conventional surgery taking standard precautions ,however this is still debatable but it is the only feasible way for management. Where there is an epidemiological risk, the patient should be to immediately sent for a “chest CT scan” [5]. If the CT indicates suspicion of Covid-19 , surgery should be undertaken with special precautionary protocols. In patients having positive epidemiological linkage but without CT findings indicating Covid-19 infection , an option of minimally invasive surgery should be explored if it is possible. If it is not possible and one has to go for conventional surgery then it should be undertaken using proper PPE. As per guidelines we now want to share the details of what we refer to as the PPE needed to manage the Covid-19 positive confirmed or suspected cases.