Clinical Image

Rare Presentation of Unilateral Chorio-Retinal Coloboma in a Patient with Bilateral Retinitis Pigmentosa

Indranil S*

Consultant, Vitreo-Retina, Sitaper Eye Hospital, India

Received Date: 15/08/2020; Published Date: 28/08/2020

*Corresponding author: Indranil Saha, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore-632002, Tamil Nadu, India. indranil124saha@yahoo.co.in

DOI: 10.46998/IJCMCR.2020.04.000080

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Inherited Retinal diseases are an incurable cause of visual morbidity occurring in children and young adults. Retinitis pigmentosa is one of the commonest examples of inherited retinal diseases with a prevalence of 1 per 4000 individuals [1,2]. Colobomas are known to occur in approximately 1 per 10000 people. Colobomas occur due to defective closure of the embryonic fissure between 6th – 7th week of development fetal life, and are under diagnosed as they don’t cause symptoms until they involve the disc or macula or both [3]. Retinitis pigmentosa and choroidal coloboma are known to usually exist as two separate entities. The fundus photo shows features of Retinitis pigmentosa, with an isolated chorio-retinal coloboma inferior to disc, in a 30 years old lady, who, presented with decreased peripheral vision and nyctalopia. There was no history of consanguinity. On evaluation she was found to have 6/6 vision bilaterally. Anterior segment was unremarkable in both eyes. Right eye fundus showed features of Retinitis pigmentosa. Humphrey Visual Fields 24-2 tests showed bilateral visual field defects, explaining the loss in peripheral vision. After extensive literature review, such association of unilateral coloboma in a patient with bilateral Retinitis pigmentosa, with no other systemic anomalies is extremely rare, and has been reported only in a few cases [4,5].

References:

  1. Pierrache LHM, Kimchi A, Ratnapriya R, et al. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Biallelic IDH3A Variants as a Cause of Retinitis Pigmentosa Accompanied by Pseudocoloboma. Ophthalmology. 2017;124(7):992-1003.
  2. Haim M. Epidemiology of retinitis pigmentosa in Denmark. Acta Ophthalmol Scand Suppl. 2002;(233):1-34.
  3. Stoll C, Alembik Y, Dott B, Roth MP. Epidemiology of congenital eye malformations in 131 760 consecutive births. Ophthalmic Paediatr Genet. 1992;13:179-186.
  4. Agarwal P, Karande PS,  Vadhel L, Naheed A. Retinitis pigmentosa with unilateral Choroidal coloboma. A rare association. J ClinOphthalmol Res. 2013;1:187.
  5. Parmeggiani F, Mlan E, Costagliola C, Giuliano M, Moro A, Steindler P, et al. Macular coloboma in siblings affected by different phenotypes of retinitis pigmentosa. Eye (Lond). 2004;18:421-8.
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