The first case concerns a 21-year-old parturient, primigravida primiparous, with no particular pathological history, carrying a pregnancy of 40 weeks of amenorrhea and 2 days. She had not attended any antenatal clinic. Her general condition was good and vital signs within normal limits. Obstetrical examination revealed a uterine height of 34 centimetres, fetal heart sounds perceived and counted at 130 beats per minute, cervix closed outside of labour, breech presentation, vaginal touch revealed an uncloistered vagina and two cervical orifices, one eccentric to the right and the other central. A caesarean section was indicated and resulted in the extraction of a 2700-gram female newborn with an excellent Apgar score.

The intraoperative findings, after fetal extraction, reveal two distinct and totally separate hemi-uteri, as well as two isthmuses and two cervixes. The first, on the left, is gravid with a well-formed lower segment ; the second, on the right, is non-gravid, enlarged and globular, comparable to a pregnancy of 8 to 10 weeks' amenorrhea with adnexa on the right side (Figure 1, 2). Intraoperatively, two hysterometers were introduced, one through a cervix whose opening allowed only the pulp of a finger to pass through, and the other through a cervix dilated to 1 cm. The first was introduced in a straight direction at a depth of 13 centimetres, and the second was visible through the hysterotomy incision. The post-operative course was straightforward, and the patient was discharged on day 3 in good clinical condition. A radiological and ultrasound exploration in search of associated renal malformations was scheduled at a later date.

The second case concerns a 32-year-old parturient, primigravida primiparous, with no particular pathological history, carrying a pregnancy of 39 weeks' amenorrhea and 2 days, who had been transferred to us for dynamic dystocia of the hyperkinetic type, resistant to treatment. Her general condition was good and vital signs within normal limits. Obstetrical examination revealed a uterine height of 35 centimetres, fetal heart sounds perceived and counted at 128 beats per minute, uterine contractions of long duration and close interval, cervical dilatation of 7 centimetres, complete cervical effacement, absence of membranes, decompressed breech presentation with non-engaged buttocks. In addition, the vaginal examination revealed a non-partitioned vagina and two cervical orifices, one of which was eccentric to the right and the other central, effaced and dilated to 7 centimetres. An emergency caesarean section was indicated, allowing extraction of a 3400-gram male newborn with an excellent Apgar score. The intraoperative findings, after fetal extraction, reveals two hemi-uteri with two bodies between which the posterior bladder wall insinuates (bladder V sign), each with adnexa on one side only, as well as two isthmuses and two necks. The first, on the right, is gravid with a well-formed lower segment; the second, on the right, is non-gravid, increased in volume and globular, comparable to a pregnancy of 8 to 10 weeks' amenorrhea, with adnexa on the right side (Figure 1, 2). Intraoperatively, two hysterometers were introduced, one through a cervix whose opening allowed only the pulp of a finger to pass through, and the other through a cervix dilated to 7 centimetres. The first was introduced and headed straight down to a depth of 13 centimetres, while the second was visible through the hysterotomy incision. The post-operative course was straightforward, and the patient was discharged on day 7 in good clinical condition.